Using an engineering scale and drawing scale

Common Engineering Scales

Most CAD systems allow the user to draw at whatever scale he or she feels like. However, if fabrication shops are going to be using your drawings you will help them more by drawing views to commonly accepted engineering and architectural scales.

Many shops like to keep drawings to a consistent scale so fabricators get used to knowing how drawings are laid out. This is just as important in plant layout and architectural drawings where 1/8″=1′-0″ and 1/4″=1′-0″ are standards for construction and building permit work. In machine design 3″=1′-0″ and 1-1/2″=1′-0″ are very commonly used.

Drawing to scale is important since the CAD system can make scale templates more accurately than ever before. Drawings can be plotted at full scale and parts can be checked against them simply by placing them on the drawing. Paper plots can be glued to wooden forms and templates can be sawn to shape with minimal layout time.

The following table shows typical engineering scales and useful data to help set up your sheet layout.

There is also a small engineering scales power point presentation with sound that I put together about this subject. It’s worth a listen if you are just learning the process of setting up drawings to scale.

You can use this chart in many different ways. Most often you would be starting off with an autocad file that was drawn full size in model space and now needs to have a drawing border to a specific drawing scale placed around it.

How to Scale a drawing to make sure it is accurate

You can use this technique to check if you have the scale set correctly for your printed drawings Check the drawing scale, in the example at the left, the scale is 1″ = 1′-0″ Use a engineering scale. The number 1 means 1 graduation of 1 inch represents 1 foot Find an even whole number dimension on the drawing and check it with the scale Read the graduations on the scale, you should get the same dimension Check several other dimensions on the drawing to be sure the drawing is to scale

This is how you cheque the size of an object that is not dimensioned First check the drawing scale is accurate as above Use a engineering scale. The number 1 means 1 graduation of 1 inch represents 1 foot The smallest division on the scale is 1/4″ Here the plate thickness is not dimensioned, but the scale reads 2 divisions or 1/2″ Check several other dimensions on the drawing to be sure the drawing is to scale

Simply draw your drawing border actual size and scale it up using the reciprocal numbers until your object fits nicely within the drawing border. Under drawing scale in the title block, label the scale from the chart whose reciprocal created the best fitting border

Also if you have a drawing border that is 3/4″=1′-0″ and you want to make it 1/2″=1′-0″ look up the reciprocals for both scales. Since you are making your drawing border smaller in this case you need to divide 16/24 = .6666667. Scale the original border down by this amount and your scale is changed.

The Ratio and Decimal numbers can be helpful if you are working in paper space and need to know what the scale factors are for window resizing in order to create the proper scale.

Purchasing an engineering scale or an architectural scale is important should you need to measure off drawings in order to verify that they have been made properly to scale. eBay is a good source to find used and new scales. Here are some of the latest listings for drafting scales occuring on eBay right now…